Rules & Standards

The precise regulations and standards that quietly govern everyday life — traffic signals, labeling, expiry dates

Don't Take Antibiotics with Milk? The Real 30-Minute Rule Is on the Other Side of the Meal

Don't Take Antibiotics with Milk? The Real 30-Minute Rule Is on the Other Side of the Meal

Every pharmacy counter has a version of the same warning: don't take that antibiotic with milk. We check FDA drug labels and clinical guidelines to see which drugs actually require a strict timing window — and it turns out the real minute-counted '30-minute rule' belongs to drugs taken *before* eating, like alendronate and levothyroxine, not after. Korea's blanket '30 minutes after meals' habit turns out to be about something else entirely, and 'never mix antibiotics with milk' overstates the problem: only specific drug classes actually bind to calcium.

Are Mandu, Gyoza, and Dim Sum the Same Thing? — Names That Don't Sit on the Same Level

Are Mandu, Gyoza, and Dim Sum the Same Thing? — Names That Don't Sit on the Same Level

Line up mandu, gyoza, dim sum, and samosa and it feels natural to ask what separates them. But the names don't point at the same level to begin with — one is a whole style of eating, another a specific item, and the same written character can mean different foods depending on the country. We check what each of these words actually refers to.

Converting Old Money to Today: Why There's No Single Answer

Converting Old Money to Today: Why There's No Single Answer

If a painting sold for 400 francs in 1890, how much is that in today's money? It seems like there should be a single number—but economic historians use at least four different measures: real price (CPI), labor value (wages), income value (GDP per capita), and economic share (share of GDP). Pick a different measure, and the answer shifts by 54-fold or more—162-fold for a national-scale deal like the Alaska Purchase.

What Legally Makes a Beer "Draft"? Not What You Think

What Legally Makes a Beer "Draft"? Not What You Think

Does "draft" mean the yeast is still alive? We check what the word legally means across the US, UK, Japan, and Korea — and find four different standards, none of which is about living yeast.